REFERENCES
Beauty Behind Veil. (2014, November 2). Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beauty_Behind_Veil_(90404839).jpeg
Crinoline. (1860). Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Princess_Dagmar_of_Denmark_with_her_dog.jpg
Little, A. (1899). Lotus Feet. Intimate China. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WOMAN%27S_NATURAL_FOOT,_AND_ANOTHER_WOMAN%27S_FEET_BOUND_TO_6_INCHES._by_Dr_Garner.jpg
Mclean, J. (2021, September 21). Surma Tribe of Ethiopia Lip plates and traditions. Travel photography blog on ETHIOPIA and beyond. https://www.jaynemclean.com/blog/surma-suri-mursi-tribes-of-ethiopia-lip-plates
Sager, X. (1910). Hobble skirt. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Xavier_Sager_La_mode_pratique.jpg
Sluijs, P. V. D. (2012, September 15). Neck Rings. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Young_female_of_the_long_neck_tribe_in_Thailand.jpg
The Met. (1750). Panniers Dress. Fashion History. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/82426
Books :
Prescott, H. M. (2002). The Corset: A Cultural History.
Ribeiro, A. (2002). Dress in eighteenth-century Europe, 1715-1789
Summers, L. (2001). Bound to please: A history of the Victorian corset.
Research Articles:
Blackburn, J. (2023). An Analysis of Middle-Class Women’s Fashion in Nineteenth-Century Urban England.
Kunzle, D. (2006). Fashion and Fetishism: Corsets, Tight-Lacing and Other Forms of Body-Sculpture.
Roberts, H. E. (1977). The exquisite slave: The role of clothes in the making of the Victorian woman, Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 2(3), 554-56.
Erkal, M. M. (2017). The cultural history of the corset and gendered body in social and literary landscapes, European Journal of Language and Literature, 3(3), 109-118.
Stoudt, S. (2012). The body and the industrial revolution: Working-class women and fashion in the Victorian era, Fashion Theory, 6(3), 41-57.
O'Hern, M. (2016). "Hugged as a viper to the bosom": Antebellum corset reform and the question of authority
Secondary Sources:
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Riello, G. (2006). Shoes: a history from sandals to sneakers.
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Peng, W. L., Tan, J. J., & Zhang, W. N. (2011). Popular Evolution and Styles Reusability of Platform Shoes. Advanced Materials Research, 291, 2517-2520.
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Semmelhack, E. (2009). On a pedestal: from Renaissance chopines to Baroque heels;[catalogue of an exhibition held at the Bata Shoe Museum, Toronto, Ont., Nov. 18, 2009-Sept. 20, 2010]. The Bata Shoe Museum.
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Semmelhack, E. (2013). Above the rest: chopines as trans-Mediterranean fashion. Journal of Spanish Cultural Studies, 14(2), 120–142. https://doi.org/10.1080/14636204.2013.868241
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Swallow, A. (1987). The history of shoes. Bailliere's clinical rheumatology, 1(2), 413-429.
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Irigoyen-García, J. (2013). On a pedestal: from renaissance chopines to baroque heels.
Images:
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chopines_-_Barberini_Gallerie_03.jpg
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Secondary Sources:
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Riello, G. (2006). Shoes: a history from sandals to sneakers.
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Peng, W. L., Tan, J. J., & Zhang, W. N. (2011). Popular Evolution and Styles Reusability of Platform Shoes. Advanced Materials Research, 291, 2517-2520.
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Semmelhack, E. (2009). On a pedestal: from Renaissance chopines to Baroque heels;[catalogue of an exhibition held at the Bata Shoe Museum, Toronto, Ont., Nov. 18, 2009-Sept. 20, 2010]. The Bata Shoe Museum.
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Semmelhack, E. (2013). Above the rest: chopines as trans-Mediterranean fashion. Journal of Spanish Cultural Studies, 14(2), 120–142. https://doi.org/10.1080/14636204.2013.868241
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Swallow, A. (1987). The history of shoes. Bailliere's clinical rheumatology, 1(2), 413-429.
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Irigoyen-García, J. (2013). On a pedestal: from renaissance chopines to baroque heels.
Images:
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:(Venice)_Calcagnetti_-_Correr_Museum.jpg
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chopines_MET_1973.114.4abT.jpg
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chopines_MET_55.16.52a_CP4.jpg
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Shoemuseum_Lausanne-IMG_7291.JPG
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chopines_MET_28.102.11_SL1.jpg
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Styltskor_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_32913.tif
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Styltsko,_1600-tal_-_Skokloster_slott_-_11965.tif
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Shoemuseum_Lausanne-IMG_7293.JPG
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Styltsko_dam_-_Livrustkammaren_-_83983.tif
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chopines_-_Barberini_Gallerie_03.jpg
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Chrisman, Miriam. "'Protest by Petticoat': Women's Dress, Mobility, and Class Identity in Eighteenth-Century England." Eighteenth-Century Studies 30, no. 4 (1997): 383–393. https://doi.org/10.1353/ecs.1997.0014.
Engel, Charlotte. Jumping Through Hoops: The Rise and Demise of the Hoop Petticoat in the Eighteenth Century. Undergraduate Honors Thesis, College of William & Mary, 2019. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/1412/
Rosenthal, Margaret F. "Cultures of Clothing in Later Medieval and Early Modern Europe." Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies 39, no. 3 (2009): 459–481. https://doi.org/10.1215/10829636-2009-001.
Yen, Yew-Pang. The Social Lives of Textiles: The Victorian Silk Industries and Cultural Exchange in Transnational Contexts. PhD diss., Royal Holloway, University of London, 2014. https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/19771845/2014YENYPHD.pdf.
Williams, K. (2024). The Freedom and Danger of Crinoline.
Bendall, S. A. (2019). ‘Take measure of your wide and flaunting garments’: The farthingale, gender and space consumption in Elizabethan and Jacobean England. Renaissance Studies, 33(5), 712-737.
Royalholloway. (n.d.). https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/19771845/2014YENYPHD.pdf
Bendall, S. A. (2021). Women’s Dress and the Demise of the Tailoring Monopoly: Farthingale-Makers, Body-Makers and the Changing Textile Marketplace of Seventeenth-Century London. Textile History, 52(1-2), 23-55.
Waugh, N., & Dolan, J. (2017). Beginning of the sixteenth century to 1670. In Corsets and Crinolines (pp. 11-29). Routledge.
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Chowdhry, Prem. “Persistence of a Custom: Cultural Centrality of Ghunghat.” Social Scientist 21, no. 9/11 (1993): 91–112. https://doi.org/10.2307/3520428.
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Gupta, A. (2016). Fashion and social dynamics in colonial India [PDF]. Retrieved from https://theses.gla.ac.uk/7809/1/2016Guptaphd.pdf.
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Gupta, C. (2012). “Fashioning” Swadeshi: Clothing Women in Colonial North India. Economic and Political Weekly, 47(42), 76–84. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41720275.
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Sengupta, R. (2013). Social factors influencing the choices of the Indian Hindu married women in marriage (Master's thesis). University of Houston. Retrieved from https://uh-ir.tdl.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/4cf6a5a6-6eb9-46f6-8ed0-3b2cb9f20bf1/content
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Sharma, K. (2019). The Orientalisation of the Sari—Sartorial Praxis and Womanhood in Colonial and Post-Colonial India. South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, 42(2), 219–236. https://doi.org/10.1080/00856401.2019.1577700.
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Sharma, U. M. (1978). Women and Their Affines: The Veil as a Symbol of Separation. Man, 13(2), 218–233. https://doi.org/10.2307/2800246.
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Banningan, J. A. (1952). The Hindu Code Bill. Far Eastern Survey, 21(17), 173-176. Institute of Pacific Relations. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3024109
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Bossen, L. (2004). [Review of Footbinding: Search for the Three Inch Golden Lotus, by Y.-Q. Yang]. Anthropologica, 46(2), 301–303. https://doi.org/10.2307/25606208
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Ko, D. (2014). Every step a lotus: shoes for bound feet. Barnard. https://www.academia.edu/4831150/Every_Step_A_Lotus_Shoes_for_Bound_Feet
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Chan, L. M. V. (1970). Foot binding in Chinese women and its psycho-social implications. Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal, 15(2), 229-232.
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Yangwen, Z. (2020). Lesson 9.‘Three-Inch Golden Lotus’ to ‘Tiger Girls’. In Ten Lessons in Modern Chinese History (pp. 204-225). Manchester University Press.
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Brown, M. J., & Satterthwaite-Phillips, D. (2018). Economic correlates of footbinding: Implications for the importance of Chinese daughters’ labor. PloS one, 13(9), e0201337.Fan, X., & Wu, L. (2016). The economic motives for foot-binding. Department of Economics, University of California, Los Angeles. Mimeo.
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Richardson ML. Chinese Foot Binding: Radiographic Findings and Case Report. Radiol Case Rep. 2016 (linked on page)
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Papers:
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Lapo, Pattawan, Nakarin Inmutto, Hirofumi Tanaka, and Daroonwan Suksom. "Cardiorespiratory burden of brass neck coils placed on Kayan Karen long-neck women of Thailand." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 44, no. 8 (2019): 894-901.
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Cardiorespiratory burden of brass neck coils placed on Kayan Karen Long-Neck Women of Thailand. (2019). Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/96208/1/apnm-2019-0083.pdf
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Theurer, J. (2014). Trapped in their own rings: Padaung women and their fight for traditional freedom. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENDER & WOMEN S STUDIES, 2(4), 51–67. https://doi.org/10.15640/ijgws.v2n4a3
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faithaharper: Image. (n.d.). https://faithaharper.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/animneckxray.gif
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Gjestland, J. (n.d.). Removal of rings. Flickr. https://www.flickr.com/photos/27477370@N04/2560379473/
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Jarvis, D. G. (2009, February 9). Long Neck Padong Neck Rings. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:DGJ_4321_-_Young_Lady_of_the_Long_Neck_Padong_(3732482202).jpg
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Jazeera, A. (2013, September 17). Myanmar’s neck ring women. Al Jazeera. https://www.aljazeera.com/gallery/2013/9/17/myanmars-neck-ring-women
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National Geographic. (2013, May 29). Why do these women stretch their necks? | National Geographic [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0FME1At3vmI
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Sluijs, P. V. D. (2012, September 15). Neck Rings. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Young_female_of_the_long_neck_tribe_in_Thailand.jpg
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Sommer, M. (n.d.). Myanmar - Neck Rings. Flickr. https://www.flickr.com/photos/asienman/9577584143/in/photostream/
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BREAST BINDING
Jiao, L. (2021). Reconciling Femininities and Female Masculinities: Women’s Premarital Experiences of Breast-Binding in the Maoist Era. Modern China, 48(2), 321–352. https://doi.org/10.1177/0097700421992314
Lei, J. (2015). “Natural” Curves: Breast-Binding and Changing Aesthetics of the Female Body in China of the Early Twentieth Century. Modern Chinese Literature and Culture, 27(1), 163–223. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24886589
Jiao, Lin (2017) Nation, fashion and women’s everyday lives : breast-binding in China, 1910s-1970s. PhD Thesis. SOAS, University of London. https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/24390/1/Jiao_4368.pdf
Lei, J. (2015). “Natural” Curves: Breast-Binding and Changing Aesthetics of the Female Body in China of the Early Twentieth Century. Modern Chinese Literature and Culture, 27(1), 163–223. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24886589
“Advantage and Disadvantage of Hobble Skirt.” The Pittsburgh Press . July 15, 1910.https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LiwbAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2EgEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4264%2C2953303.
Estelle. “The Dangers of Hobble Skirts, 1910.” The Skittish Library, July 4, 2015. https://skittishlibrary.co.uk/hobble-skirts-banned-1911/.
“The Truth about the Edwardian Hobble Skirt.” Recollections Blog, August 4, 2021. https://recollections.biz/blog/the-truth-about-the-edwardian-hobble-skirt/.
File:Costumes parisiens No.91 George Barbier, 1913.JPG - Wikimedia Commons. (1913). https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Costumes_Parisiens_No.91_George_Barbier,_1913.JPG
Hobble Skirt. (1 C.E.). Medium. https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/format:webp/1*He-zz7WRidLQIOikiLEnXw.jpeg
The Hobble Skirt. (2024). Postcard History. https://postcardhistory.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Hobble-Skirt.jpg
Formichella, J. (2021, August 4). The truth about the Edwardian Hobble Skirt. Recollections Blog. https://recollections.biz/blog/the-truth-about-the-edwardian-hobble-skirt
Buchorne, P. (n.d.). Hobble skirts. Flickr. https://www.flickr.com/photos/62646516@N08/21528497854/in/photostream/
File:HobbleSkirtPostcard.jpg - Wikimedia Commons. (n.d.). https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HobbleSkirtPostcard.jpg
File:Sulpho-Saline (3093788338).jpg - Wikimedia Commons. (2008, December 8). https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sulpho-Saline_(3093788338).jpg
File:Xavier Sager La mode pratique.jpg - Wikimedia Commons. (n.d.). https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Xavier_Sager_La_mode_pratique.jpg